A New Approach to Migration Policy
Mr Speaker, I wish to address the government’s newly introduced policy on earned settlement. Just over a month ago, during the Labour Party Conference, I made a commitment that our approach to this issue would primarily emphasise fairness.
This fairness extends to those who arrive in the UK through legal channels and contribute positively to our society, as well as to British citizens already residing here, who should not be unduly burdened by the actions of others.
The concept of fairness resonates deeply with me, particularly because it is personal. Over half a century ago, my parents emigrated from rural Kashmir to this country, driven by the expectation of being treated justly. They left a place where power was often arbitrary, seeking a society that values fair play above all else.
It is my duty to ensure that our migration system aligns with these principles. I believe this can be achieved through a mutual agreement between newcomers and established residents. Our nation is open to those seeking a better life, yet there exists an expectation for them to actively contribute and engage with our communities.
This belief is not merely a political stance; it is a core tenet of my identity as a Labour politician. In order for our citizens to support a system based on shared taxation and public services, they must be assured that everyone is contributing fairly. Solidarity is the foundation upon which social justice stands.
Redefining Settlement Rights
In pursuit of a just migration system, we must reform the criteria surrounding settlement, which grants individuals the right to reside permanently in the UK. Currently, individuals become eligible for settlement after five years, primarily based on their duration of stay, with minimal expectation of responsibility.
I contend that true fairness dictates that the significant rights associated with settlement should only be granted after individuals have fulfilled their responsibilities and made tangible contributions to society. Consequently, the right to settle should be earned rather than automatically conferred.
Today, the government unveils the ‘Earned Settlement’ policy, which stipulates that the length of time required for individuals to secure settlement will now be contingent upon their contributions. This begins with clearly defined disqualifying criteria, including:
- A criminal record.
- Insufficient proficiency in the English language.
- Unpaid debts to the British taxpayer.
- Lack of three years of national insurance contributions.
This framework establishes the fundamental expectations for those wishing to live here permanently. For individuals who meet these criteria, the path to settlement will vary based on their contributions, rather than merely the time they have spent in the country.
Crucially, contributions will be assessed not just in financial terms but also in relation to public service. A five-year route will remain accessible to individuals earning over £50,000 and to those working in essential roles within healthcare and education, such as doctors, nurses, and teachers. For those making exceptional contributions, even faster routes to settlement will be available.
Addressing the Needs of Care Workers
In light of the recent consultation, which garnered over 200,000 responses, it became evident that particular attention was required for social care workers. Between 2022 and 2025, a significant influx of individuals arrived on the social care route, coinciding with substantial pressure on the sector following the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this route also experienced instances of misuse.
The government is committed to recognising the invaluable service provided by care workers who responded to our national needs during challenging times, while simultaneously addressing the abuse that has occurred. Therefore, we are implementing two key measures.
Firstly, care workers who fulfilled the conditions of their visa, specifically earning £25,000 a year, will maintain their five-year path to settlement. Secondly, those who did not meet the requirements will be granted a second chance to contribute meaningfully. They will be able to apply for a new five-year care visa, with the flexibility to change employers, freeing them from exploitative situations.
As part of our commitment to raising standards in the care sector, we have already revoked the licenses of approximately 1,800 unscrupulous employers and are working towards implementing a Fair Pay Agreement across the industry.
Reforming Asylum and Refugee Policies
Our consultation also highlighted concerns regarding settlement rights for refugees. The British public is keen to continue welcoming genuine refugees, but we must also ensure that our borders are not compromised by unsafe and illegal entry. The tragic loss of lives in the Channel and the substantial financial burden of asylum support on British citizens necessitate a balanced approach.
To this end, we will establish new safe and legal routes for genuine refugees, allowing them to apply for settlement after five years. Conversely, those who enter through unsafe channels will face a significantly longer path to settlement, with a standard qualifying period of 20 years, extended further for those arriving illegally.
We remain committed to promoting integration for all, and as such, refugees who engage in work or study will be eligible for settlement ten years earlier. Importantly, those in need of protection will continue to receive it, reflecting the British people’s strong sense of fair play.
A Fair and Sustainable Migration System
These reforms are intended to be both morally and financially sound. While a comprehensive impact assessment will accompany the implementation of these changes, we anticipate that our adjustments will encourage net contributors to remain in the UK while ensuring that those likely to impose costs must first meet the conditions of their visas.
The Department for Work and Pensions estimates that these reforms could yield substantial savings in the benefits bill. This approach is equitable for those who arrive legally and contribute to society, as well as for the British citizens who should not bear an undue burden.
In conclusion, the earned settlement policy heralds a significant shift in our migration system, establishing that one of the most valuable rights we can offer is now contingent upon individual contributions and responsibilities. The right to reside in this country indefinitely must be earned, marking a fair and just resolution for all.